{"id":2510,"date":"2026-07-01T17:27:52","date_gmt":"2026-07-01T10:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/htiscientific.vn\/?p=2510"},"modified":"2026-07-01T17:27:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-01T10:27:52","slug":"cau-truc-vi-mo-an-sau-nhung-chiec-ong-hut-hang-ngay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/htiscientific.vn\/en\/cau-truc-vi-mo-an-sau-nhung-chiec-ong-hut-hang-ngay\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac Vi M\u00f4 \u1ea8n Sau Nh\u1eefng Chi\u1ebfc \u1ed0ng H\u00fat H\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0y"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u1eb9, b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p xanh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i carbon v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng h\u00fat ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m thay th\u1ebf \u1ed1ng h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Trong khi \u1ed1ng h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng h\u00fat gi\u1ea5y, \u1ed1ng h\u00fat PLA (Polylactic Acid) t\u1eeb tinh b\u1ed9t ng\u00f4 hay \u1ed1ng h\u00fat t\u1eeb s\u1ee3i m\u00eda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhanh h\u01a1n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u1ee7 compost.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tho\u1ea1t nh\u00ecn, \u1ed1ng h\u00fat gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng h\u00fat PLA c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng h\u00fat nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 vi m\u00f4. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed qu\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n EM-40<\/a> for COXEM<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nanomet.<\/span><\/p>\n

EM-40 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhanh v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ean t\u1edbi 250.000 l\u1ea7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quy Tr\u00ecnh Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb M\u1eabu<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng h\u00fat l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a, gi\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng SEM, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu, g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng charging l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh SEM \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n